On the second day, the foundation is only wetted 3 times, and on the next only in the morning and evening. On the first day, the base should be moistened with water every 4-5 hours or covered with a film, otherwise cracks may appear, especially in hot weather. In order for the floating foundation to dry properly, it must be moistened in the early days Tip: it is better not to save on the formwork and fix it as carefully as possible to avoid bursting with a concrete layer. A significant disadvantage of this method is the inability to create high-quality waterproofing of the outer wall of the base. In that case, if the foundation is immersed in the ground, you can do without it, the pit walls will play this role. FormworkĪfter the pit is completely ready, we proceed to the formwork device. Extruded polystyrene can be laid for thermal protection, but this is not necessary.Īfter that, a thin layer of cheaper concrete grade M-100 is poured – footing. This will help to avoid not only subsequent leakage of moisture into the finished base, but also the flow of concrete “milk” when pouring the mortar. As it is used dense plastic film or any other material with similar properties. To achieve the best effect, sand can be slightly moistened with water. The sandy layer is recommended to be condensed by means of the vibrating tool. In addition, high frost resistance of sand will help prevent crushing of the finished foundation. After this, a layer of sand is poured, wedging crushed stone and excluding its subsequent “walk”. Laying should be carried out in several stages, carefully tamping each layer with a special device (you can use a log with a handle). To begin with, a layer of crushed stone about ten centimeters high should be poured onto a well-aligned bottom of the base (with the help of a level). Preparatory layersīefore pouring a floating foundation, a number of preparatory work is necessary. This avoids shedding of the edges of the pit. Tip: the foundation pit should be dug with a slight slope of the walls. Some of the excavated land should be left on the site, it can be useful in subsequent work and when breaking down the garden landscape, and the rest will need to be removed by special transport. Rock formations will double their volume, sand and vegetation layer – three times, and crushed stone – four. When sampling soil should take into account the coefficient of loosening. This is the most common mistake in the construction of the foundation.Īttention: a building put on such a foundation will surely burst at the place of a dig and in very rare cases it can be saved. With insufficient experience the superintendent digging just fill the machine with sand and carefully level. They dig a pit under the design mark, and sometimes the bucket picks up slightly below it. Most often, an excavator is used to excavate the soil. The foundation pit can be digged like that, but it’s better to hire an excavator Moreover, such a foundation serves as reliable protection against the harmful effects of groundwater. Therefore, it is very resistant to loads of varying severity arising from freezing or thawing of the soil, as well as during subsidence. It is the presence of a monolithic reinforced concrete slab that is a characteristic feature of a floating base. And it is called floating because, moving with the house, it reliably protects it from destruction during any subsidence of the soil.Īnother name that has such a foundation is a floating plate. On the condition of the house, located on such a basis, the movement of the soil is not reflected in any way, since there is no skew of one corner of the house relative to others. In fact, the foundation will float with the house only if the work is done incorrectly. It is a very common misconception that this type is characterized by the “swim” property. On heaving soils, characterized by increased instability, as well as with high boggy areas, it is best to use a floating foundation. Floating foundation device – reinforcement.Marking a plot for a floating type of base.In this article, we will consider in detail the technology of building a floating foundation. When constructing it, it should be borne in mind that it must lie on naturally compacted soil slightly below the freezing depth.ĭepending on the type of soil, the size of buildings and a number of other factors, foundations are divided into floating, tape, pile and columnar. The foundation is designed for uniform distribution of the load created by the weight of the building, and its transfer to the ground.
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